Spinal Decompression

Decompression of Nerve Roots

When a single spinal nerve root is compressed, the resulting clinical outcome is termed radiculopathy, and is usually labeled according to the specific nerve root compressed (hence compression of the nerve root exiting the spinal column below the left-sided pedicle of the L5 vertebra will be diagnosed as " Left L5 radiculopathy").

Microdiscectomy (or microdecompression) is a minimally-invasive surgical procedure in which a portion of a herniated nucleus pulposus is removed by way of a surgical instrument. The purpose of this procedure is to relieve the pressure and reduce the local inflammatory reaction around a nerve root, caused by the herniated nucleous pulposus.

Decompression of the Spinal Cord

Laminectomy is an open or minimally invasive surgical procedure in which a portion of the posterior arch of the vertebrae and/or spinal ligaments is removed from the spine to alleviate the pressure on the spinal canal contents. This procedure is usually performed when decompression of more than one nerve root is needed.

In the lumbar spine it is commonly used to treat spinal claudication caused by spinal stenosis, and is considered the most effective treatment for this condition based on current evidence base. In the cervical and thoracic spine it is used to treat myelopathy caused by compression of the spinal cord itself.

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article "Spinal Decompression", which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License.